Mikelangelo: переводы

→Partially blends with

→2.
10.
3 Relations of External Anal Sphincter with Muscles of Perineum

→Endosonographically, the EAS is hyperechoic with a mean thickness of 6 mm (Fig.
2.
17) [23].

→2.
10.
2 Thickness

→Fig.
2.
17 Endoscopic appearance of IAS and EAS

→The upper portion extends up to the lower part of the IAS, and the lower part extends beyond the IAS [6].

→Instead of three parts, superficial, subcutaneous, and deep, there are two parts of an EAS: lower and upper.

→The deep part becomes continuous with puborectalis to form an anorectal sling.

→2.
10.
1.
3 Deep Part

→It is inserted anteriorly into the perineal body and posteriorly into the coccyx through the anococcygeal ligament.

→Its two divergent parts encircle the anal canal’s middle half.

→2.
10.
1.
2 Superficial Part
It is an elliptical ring of muscle fibers surrounding the internal sphincter’s lower region.

→The anal canal mucosa covers it on the inner side and the lower aspect is covered by the anal skin.

→The inferior fibers extend past the IAS.

→The typical creases seen externally around the anus are the results of the fibers of the EAS.

→It surrounds the anal verge.

→2.
10.
1.
1 Subcutaneous Part Corrugator cutis ani is formed by inserting the subcutaneous portion into the perianal skin along with the CLM fibers.

→There are three anatomic components to this sphincter: subcutaneous, superficial, and deep [29].

→Anteriorly it is inserted into the perineal body [29].

→The attachment of the superficial part of the EAS into the coccyx forms the anococcygeal ligament posteriorly.