Mikelangelo: переводы

→Laser-related hazards include direct exposure to beam, beam reflection, fire, and smoke due to vaporization (containing chemical toxins and pathogens).

→The safety of everyone involved in the procedure, from patient to surgeon to all the staff in the operat- ing room, is of utmost importance because of the wide wavelength range, delivery methods, and maximum power levels available in present-day medical lasers.

→Laser light should be used with pinpoint accuracy.

→Therefore, removing the charred layer on the tip of fiber using wet gauze is necessary [33].

→These could absorb the laser beam and result in overheating.

→Sometimes tiny fragments of carbon tissue stick on the fiber tip.

→• Output power

→• Frequency

→• Energy density

→• Pulse duration

→• Energy per pulse

→Below are the listed parameters that the operator must consider before using a laser:

→A laser diode must be used by a professional with proper training.

→1.12 Tips Before Use of Lasers

→When there is no residual water content in the tissue and the temperature rises above100 °C, vapors of white smoke are observed [39].

→Laser energy of 1470 nm wavelength provides an optimal absorption curve in water, resulting in protein denaturation and local tissue shrinkage [39].

→In a study on 35 patients that under- went the FiLaC procedure, Giamundo et al. reported a lower pain score with a wavelength of 1470 nm [38].

→The literature review reports severe anal pain in some patients treated with 980 nm [33, 38], attributed to higher laser energy.

→A wavelength of 1470 nm is more effective as it works under water as a medium [38].

→The front emission controls the bleeding source by ensuring coagulation (Fig. 1.5).